Hino NacionalNational Anthem

The Brazilian National Anthem is sufficient grounds for the fame of its composer,

Francisco Manuel. Through its admirably

warm and spirited melody, it took its place as the national anthem before it was accorded

any official recognition. Various

changes made to it have not distorted its essence, though they have softened its martial

tone. Originally composed in a purely

orchestral version for military band, it has been the various texts which have been set to it,

especially that of Osrio Duque

Estrada in 1922, which have somewhat spoilt it.

The history of the anthem is the subject of controversy. In the view of some, it was

composed for Brazilian Independence,others

believe it was written for the 7th of April and performed on the 13th to a text attributed to

Ovdio Saraiva de Carvalho e Silva,

in which there are references to